Table 5 Results of multivariable logistic regression analyses in the subgroup with trauma in the chest and upper abdomen only

Variables

aOR

95% CI

p-value

aOR

95% CI

p-value

Sex (reference = female)

1.19

0.62–2.27

0.597

1.06

0.55–2.03

0.859

Age

0.98

0.96–1.01

0.158

1.00

0.98–1.03

0.785

High-energy trauma

1.70

0.89–3.23

0.105

1.69

0.91–3.14

0.099

Initial vital signs

 Systolic blood pressure

1.00

0.99–1.02

0.656

1.00

0.98–1.01

0.651

 Diastolic blood pressure

1.00

0.97–1.02

0.764

1.00

0.97–1.03

0.957

 Respiratory rate

0.96

0.89–1.04

0.373

0.92

0.80–1.05

0.217

 Heart rate

0.99

0.97–1.01

0.278

1.01

0.99–1.03

0.350

In-ED management

 O₂ supplementation

3.72

1.75–7.92

0.001

4.39

2.34–8.25

 < 0.001

 Mechanical ventilator use

0.00

0.00–Inf

0.988

0.32

0.01–10.61

0.520

Transfusion

5.60

0.42–75.04

0.194

10.92

1.07–111.22

0.044

Rib fracture characteristics

 Number of rib fractures

1.45

1.12–1.89

0.005

1.28

1.05–1.57

0.017

 Bilateral rib fracture

0.44

0.13–1.45

0.176

0.59

0.20–1.73

0.338

 Lower rib fracture

1.17

0.62–2.22

0.628

1.53

0.81–2.90

0.194

 Displacement

1.51

0.53–4.32

0.442

1.44

0.61–3.23

0.380

 Anterior rib fracture

0.51

0.17–1.48

0.214

0.74

0.28–1.96

0.545

 Lateral rib fracture

2.16

0.92–5.04

0.076

0.70

0.32–1.55

0.384

 Posterior rib fracture

2.62

1.14–6.04

0.023

2.05

1.01–4.22

0.049