Table 2 Fall related characteristics of elderly patients with fall related injuries and risk of mortality (n = 318)
Characteristics | Total | Comorbidities n (%) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Fall (Without Comorbidity) | Fall (With Comorbidity) | |||
318 | 53 (16.7%) | 265 (83.3%) | ||
Previous fall | ||||
Yes | 92 (28.9) | 8 (15.1) | 84 (31.7) | 0.015* |
Living Alone | ||||
Yes | 11 (3.5) | 1 (1.9) | 10 (3.8) | 0.493 |
Place of fall | ||||
Home | 163 (51.3) | 18 (34.0) | 144 (54.7) | 0.001* |
Bathroom | 72 (22.6) | 12 (22.6) | 60 (22.6) | |
Stairs | 21 (6.6) | 6 (11.3) | 15 (5.7) | |
Road /outside home | 26 (8.2) | 6 (11.3) | 20 (7.5) | |
Parking area | 4 (1.3) | 0 (0) | 4 (1.5) | |
Prayer Place | 8 (2.5) | 3 (5.7) | 5 (1.9) | |
Ground | 10 (3.1) | 3 (5.7) | 7 (2.6) | |
Hospital | 5 (1.6) | 0 (0) | 5 (1.9) | |
Other | 9 (2.8) | 5 (9.4) | 4 (1.5) | |
Floor type | ||||
Tile | 218 (68.6) | 34 (64.2) | 184 (69.4) | 0.025* |
Concrete | 52 (16.4) | 11 (20.8) | 41 (15.5) | |
Carpets | 18 (5.7) | 3 (5.7) | 15 (5.7) | |
Cement | 6 (1.9) | 0 (0) | 5 (1.9) | |
Other | 27 (8.55) | 5 (9.4) | 22 (8.3) | |
Reason of fall | ||||
Disbalance/Dizzy | 92 (28.9) | 15 (28.3) | 77 (29.1) | 0.005* |
Stroke/ Seizures | 3 (0.9) | 0 (0) | 3 (1.1) | |
Weakness | 46 (14.5) | 3 (5.7) | 43 (16.2) | |
Visual (Blinded) | 9 (2.8) | 3 (5.7) | 6 (2.3) | |
Rough surface | 32 (10.1) | 11 (20.8) | 21 (7.9) | |
Stairs/steps/escalator | 59 (18.6) | 15 (28.3) | 44 (16.6) | |
Wet Floor | 49 (15.4) | 3 (5.7) | 46 (17.4) | |
Ankle Twist | 15 (4.7) | 1 (1.9) | 14 (5.3) | |
Others | 13 (4.1) | 2 (3.8) | 11 (4.2) | |
Time of fall | ||||
Morning | 167 (52.5) | 0 (0) | 167 (63.0) | < 0.001* |
Evening | 95 (29.9) | 44 (83.0) | 51 (19.2) | |
Night | 56 (17.6) | 9 (17.0) | 47 (17.7) | |
Injuries/Injured body parts | ||||
Head | 43 (14.4) | 5 (9.8) | 38 (15.3) | 0.065 |
Face | 54 (18.1) | 9 (17.6) | 45 (18.1) | |
Neck | 7 (2.3) | 1 (2) | 6 (2.4) | |
Chest | 17 (5.7) | 1 (2) | 16 (6.5) | |
Abdomen | 4 (1.3) | 0 (0) | 4 (1.6) | |
Spine | 11 (3.7) | 3 (5.9) | 8 (3.2) | |
Upper Extremity | 61 (20.4) | 15 (29.4) | 46 (18.5) | |
Lower Extremity | 96 (32.1) | 19 (37.3) | 77 (31.0) | |
Foot | 9 (3.0) | 2 (3.9) | 7 (2.8) | |
None | 39 (13.0) | 5 (9.8) | 34 (13.7) | |
Mode used for reaching hospital | ||||
Personal Car | 196 (61.6) | 49 (92.5) | 147 (55.5) | < 0.001* |
Ambulance | 11 (34.9) | 2 (3.8) | 109 (41.1) | |
Public Transport | 7 (2.2) | 2 (3.8) | 5 (1.9) | |
Careem/Taxi | 4 (1.3) | 0 (0) | 4 (1.5) | |