Incidence rate and topography of intra-pelvic arterial lesions associated with high-energy blunt pelvic ring injuries: a retrospective cohort study

Table 4 Factors associated with pre-hospital hemodynamic instability

	*Univariate analysis*			*Multivariable analysis*^a
Variables	OR	95% CI	p-value	OR	95% CI	p-value
IPAL (ref. no arterial lesion)	6.00	1.93–18.64	0.002	4.48	1.03–19.54	0.046
Female gender (ref. male)	1.27	0.56–2.88	0.569	1.67	0.60–4.61	0.325
Age in categories (ref. 16–39 years)			0.868			0.969
40–49	0.59	0.17–2.04	0.406	0.81	0.19–3.45	0.780
50–69	0.85	0.32–2.30	0.754	0.95	0.29–3.16	0.939
≥ 70 years	0.97	0.27–3.52	0.963	0.69	0.14–3.39	0.650
ISS, continuous	1.13	1.08–1.19	< 0.001	–	–	–
ISS ≥25 (ref. < 25)	14.4	4.62–44.85	< 0.001	12.95	3.90–42.95	< 0.001
AO/OTA classification (ref. A)			0.125	–	–	–
B	2.30	0.62–8.51	0.214
C	4.67	1.04–21.01	0.045
Young and Burgess classification (ref. NC)			0.267			0.948
LC	2.14	0.57–8.09	0.263	1.49	0.33–6.67	0.599
APC	2.42	0.46–12.85	0.298	1.76	0.20–15.59	0.611
VS & CM	4.67	0.99–22.01	0.052	1.60	0.26–9.87	0.612

After adjustment for sex and age, the presence of an IPAL was significantly associated with greater odds of pre-hospital hemodynamic instability independently of the types of PRI, as was ISS ≥25
OR: odds ratio; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval; IPAL: intra-pelvic arterial lesion; ISS: Injury Severity Score; NC: not classifiable; LC: lateral compression; APC: anteroposterior compression; VS: vertical shear; CM: combined mechanism
^a Hosmer-Lemeshow test, p = 0.118. The variance inflation factors (VIF) are all below 1.5, suggesting no collinearity

ISSN: 1471-227X