Table 1 Description of patients included in the study (n = 127)

Mean age at trauma (± SD, median, range), in years

45.3 (±18.4, 44.4, 17.8–87.9)

Male sex, n (%)

74 (58.3)

 A

26 (20.5)

 B

81 (63.8)

 C

20 (15.7)

 Not classifiable

25 (19.7)

 Lateral compression (LC1, LC2 & LC3)

70 (55.1)

 Antero-posterior compression (APC1, APC2 & APC3)

15 (11.8)

 Vertical shear & combined mechanism (VS & CM)

17 (13.4)

Mean ISS (± SD, median, range)

26.4 (±12.9, 22, 5–66)

  < 16

22 (17.3)

  ≥ 16

105 (82.7)

  < 25

68 (53.5)

  ≥ 25

59 (46.5)

Hemodynamic instability (prehospital systolic BP < 90 or HR > 100), n (%) (2 missing)

31 (24.8)

Transfusion within 24 h, n (%)

47 (37.0)

Mean units PRBC received within 24 h (± SD, median, range)

6.9 (±8.0, 4, 1–40)

IPAL, n (%)

15 (11.8)

Number of patients needing ICU stay, n (%)

75 (59.1)

Mean ICU stay (±SD, median, range), in days

10.6 (±12.6, 7, 0–73)

Mean hospital stay (±SD, median, range), in days

27.0 (±34.6, 15, 1–191)

Complications during hospital stay, n (%)

44 (34.6)

Intra-hospital death, n (%)

16 (12.6)

Mean time to death (±SD, median, range), in days

13.1 (±17.2, 4.5, 1–52)