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Table 3 Themes and categories extracted from content analysis

From: Major challenges and barriers in clinical decision-making as perceived by emergency medical services personnel: a qualitative content analysis

Theme

Categories

Selective Coding

Professional capabilities

Clinical Competence

• Clinical knowledge

• Clinical experience

• Clinical skills

• Teamwork skills

• Time management skills

• Clinical judgment skills

Psychological empowerment

• Emotional stability

• Resilience

• Anger management

Occupational and environmental factors

Occupational factors

• Time of missions

• Location of missions

• Patients’ status

• Fatigue and occupational burnout

Environmental factors

• Conditions at the scene of accidents

• Spread of infectious diseases

Inefficient organizational management

Structural Challenges

• Lack of a counseling doctor at the emergency dispatch centers

• Conflicts in the regulations

• lack of a clear operations manual

Challenges of Human resources and medical equipment

• Shortage of medical equipment

• Lack of personal protective equipment

• Staff shortages

Ethical issues

physical privacy

• Respect for patients’ physical privacy

• Respect for patients’ sexual privacy

• Respect for patients’ religious beliefs

sexual privacy