Dispatch of a helicopter emergency medicine service to patients with a sudden, unexplained loss of consciousness of medical origin

Table 3 Interventions provided by ground ambulance crew (non-HEMS interventions) and HEMS on scene in patients with unexplained LOC attended by HEMS

	Whole group (n = 127)	Direct dispatch (n = 29)	Request dispatch (n = 98)	p
Non-HEMS interventions
Antiemetics	24	3	21	.28
Analgesia^a	21	3	17	.41
Atropine	1	0	1	.99
Dextrose 10%	3	0	3	.59
Naloxone	7	1	6	.69
Supraglottic airway device	4	0	4	.57
IV	145	22	123	.016
IO	4 (HH) 5 (Tib)	3 (HH) 1 (Tib)	1(HH) 4(Tib)	.21
HEMS interventions
PHEA	73	13	60	.088
Indication for PHEA
Reduced GCS (n)	55	12	43	.29
Airway	10	0	10
Compromise (n)
Unmanageable (n)	7	1	6
Resp failure (n)	1	0	1
RSI regime:
3–2-1^b	59	8	46	1.00
1–1-1^c	10	0	10
Other	6	2	4
Anticoagulant reversal	1	0	1	.99
Vasopressor therapy	8	1	7	.68
Antibiotics/ acyclovir	11	0	11	.067
Hypertonic saline	27	0	27	.007

Table 3. Displayed are numbers [%]. IV Intravenous, IOI Intraosseous, PHEA Prehospital Emergency Anesthesia, LOC Loss of consciousness, HH Humeral head, Tib Tibia,. ^a Analgesia: fentanyl (n = 2), Morphine (n = 2), Ketamine (n = 3), and paracetamol (n = 14). ^b Fentanyl 3 mcg/kg, Ketamine 2 mg/kg and Rocuronium 1 mg/kg. c Fentanyl 1 mcg/kg, Ketamine 1 mg/kg and Rocuronium 1 mg/kg HR.

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