Table 2 Frequent presenter definitions

Crane

≥6 visits/ year

DeHaven

≥2 visits/ year

Edgren

≥3 visits in previous 6 months

Enard

Extracted data from > 5 visits pre intervention period.

Grimmer-Somers

Individuals known to use public hospital ED services in an unplanned manner.

Grover

≥10 visits in 12 months,

≥6 visits in 6 months,

≥4 visits in 1 month or concerned ED use.

Hardin

≥3visit/ year

Lin

Patients with the most ED visits in the previous month and previous year.

Murphy

Frequent = 3–11 visits per year,

Extreme = ≥12 visits/year preceding year of enrolment.

Navratil-Strawn

≥3 visits/ year in the previous 12 months

Okin

≥5 visits/ year

Reinius

≥3 visits during 6 months before inclusion.

Seaberg

≥5 visits/ year

Shumway

≥5 visits/ year

Stokes-Buzzelli

Patients with the most ED visits.

Tadros

≥10 visits/ year